Chris Hables Gray "An Interview with Manfred Clynes" In The Cyborg Handbook; edited by Chris Hables Gray, Heidi Figueroa-Sarriera, and Steven Mentor; New York: Routledge, 1995 (pp. 43-54) In this interview between C.H. Gray and Manfred Clynes (who coined the term 'cyborg' in 1960), the cyborg is discussed as a technologically enhanced human. Clynes largely defines the cyborg in terms of 'freedom' or 'liberation' from bodily, environmental, and earthly constraints. While cardiovascular and respiratory functions seem to 'mark' human deficiency, therefore, Clynes poses cybernetic homeostasis and participatory evolution as a means to spiritual freedom. Despite the Christian resonance of the 'corrupt' body and transcendent soul, Clynes emphasizes the scientific validity of a cyborg physiology. In this problematic turn between scientific evidence and religious essentialism, Clynes is always careful to retain the self-identical subject. In this regard, he emphasizes his belief in humanism and denounces those 'Terminator' films which 'dehumanize the concept completely.' Clynes’ recurrent emphasis on the cybernetic possibilities of human ‘augmentation’ and even multiple orgasms, however, oddly reflects a fear of human impotence. L.E. Fazen