PY 47 - Brain Damage and the Mind

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PY 47__________________________________

Brain Damage and the Mind

______________________________Spring 2003

Instructor:
   Bill Heindel William_Heindel(at)brown.edu
   office: 291 Hunter phone:x3-9168
    office hour: Wed. 3-4pm or by appointment

TAs: [click for info]
   Shu-Jung Hu
    Debby Silverman
   Lori Leibowitz

~~~~~ Review Session | Wednesday, May 7th, 4:00 - 6:00 | Carmichael Hall (same room as lectures) ~~~~~

Selected Diagrams:

Note: Due to popular demand, we have decided to make available some of the more complicated slides from the lectures.
We will NOT be posting entire lectures online; these materials are intended to allow you to fix-up your class notes,
not as a substitute for your attendance.

If you have any special requests, e-mail the webmaster: Jason_Taylor(at)brown.edu

updated 01-30-03

Section I -- Movement, Perception

TOPIC	SLIDE
Introduction to Cognitive Neuropsychology	1. House of Lichtheim
	2. Dome of Morton

Neuro Review

Disorders of Movement I -- Apraxia	1. Apraxia Errors Data

Disorders of Movement II -- Skill Learning	1. Skill Learning: cigar making
	2. Skill Learning: gymnasts
	3. Frith & Lang (1978): tracking data
	4. More tracking data: random-predictable-random
	5. Keele (1973): motor control model

Disorders of Movement III -- Apraxia, HD, PD	1. Norman & Shallice (1986): contention scheduling
	2. Heindel et al. (1989): HD tracking data
	3. Caligiuri et al. (1992): expt schematic
	4. Caligiuri et al. results
	5. Table: Early/Late Stages of Skill Learning
	6. Cortical-Striatal loop

Disorders of Perception I -- Agnosia	1. Unconventional views test stimuli
	2. Overlapping figures test stimuli
	3. Perceptual and perceptual/conceptual tasks
	4. Warrington & Taylor model
	5. Warrington & Taylor brain regions

Disorders of Perception II -- More Agnosia	1. Warrington vs. Marr
	2. Humphreys & Riddoch (1984) stimuli
	3. Marr's (1982) model
	4. Humphreys & Riddoch's data
	5. Overlapping fruit and degraded fish
	6. Strangely-lit scissors
	7. Warrington & James (1986) schematic
	8. Warrington & James stimuli & data
	9. Humphreys & Riddoch expand upon Warrington

Disorders of Perception III -- Prosopagnosia	1. Face inversion effect data
	2. Upside-down faces
	3. Right-side up faces
	4. Bruce & Young model
	5. Ventro-mesial visual areas

Disorders of Perception IV -- Prosopagnosia cont'd	1. Face-Matching data
	2. Name-Classification stimuli
	3. Name-Classification data
	4. Occupation-Face assoc'n data
	5. Mick Jagger
	6. Farah et al (1995) pt. LH data

Disorders of Perception V -- Prosopagnosia cont'd	1. Sheep
	2. Sheep face recognition data
	3. Sheep face-name association data
	4. Expertise level by categorization level
	5. Diamond & Carey (1986) dogs
	6. Infants' preference for faces
	7. Cortical/sub-cortical visual pathways

Disorders of Perception VI -- Neglect	1. Dorsal/ventral visual streams
	2. Delayed non match-to-sample and landmark tasks
	3. Copy a flower; copy a cube
	4. Cancel all lines
	5. Write to dictation
	6. Bisect a line; read 'cowboy'
	7. Copy visual scene
	8. Optic Disk
	9. Find your blind spot
	10. DeRenzi (1970) tactile maze
	11. DeRenzi (1970) data

Disorders of Perception VII -- Neglect/Blindsight	1. Posner's (1982) covert-orienting task
	2. Posner's (1982) results
	3. Square of Milan
	4. Bisiach et al. (1979) cloud study
	5. Burning house stimuli
	6. Visual fields and pathways
	7. Visual field defects
	8. Patient DB's visual field defect
	9. Patient DB's point-of-light location data
	10. Patient DB gratings stimuli

Disorders of Perception VIII -- Blindsight	1. Patient GY tracking results
	2. Pt GY tracking w/ varying speeds
	3. Pt GY tracking w/ varying backgrd luminance

Section II -- Language

TOPIC	SLIDE
Language I - Pure Word Deafness	1. House of Lichtheim
	2. Aphasia table
	3. Aphasia brain regions
	4. Aphasia brain regions schematic
	5. Wernicke's aphasic brain
	6. Broca's aphasic brain
	7. Auditory language model
	8. Right-ear advantage

Language II - Word Meaning Deafness	1. Pre- and post-access WMD
	2. Model w/ visual language system

Language III - Speech Production Deficits	1. Paraphasias
	2. Pt. JCU naming data
	3. Pt. JCU acceptance of errors
	4. Pt. EST acceptance of errors
	5. Summary of semantic & output-lexicon anomias

Language IV - Intro to Dyslexias	1. Dejerine's alexic brain
	2. Marshall & Newcombe's (1973) reading model
	3. Auditory and visual language model
	4. Letter-by-letter reading data: RT by word length

Language V - Surface, Deep, and Phonological Dyslexias	1. Summary of Surface dyslexia
	2. Surface/Deep dyslexia reading data
	3. Deep dyslexic pt. GR
	4. Deep dyslexia summary
	5. Right Hemisphere Hypothesis
	6. More on the right hemisphere hypothesis
	7. Phonological dyslexia summary

Language VI - Alternative Explanations...	1. Marcel's problems w/GPC explanation of surface dyslexia
	2. Marcel's dual-route model
	3. Left -> right morphological segmentation

Section III - Frontal/Memory

TOPIC	SLIDE
Frontal Lobe Dysfunction I - Phineas Gage	1. Phineas Gage's skull
	2. Phineas reconstruction
	3. Comparing brains
	4. Phineas and Phrenology
	5. Phrenology ad
	6. Animal personalities

Frontal Lobe Dysfunction II	1. Luria's complex problems
	2. Norman & Shallice revisited; rigidity, distractibility
	3. Wisconsin Card Sorting Task

Frontal Lobe Dysfunction III	1. What's ERP?
	2. What's ERP? continued...
	3. Knight et al. (1981) dichotic listening
	4. ERP components
	5. Knight's attentional modulation of N1
	6. Klosowska's problem solving action-plan data
	7. Tower of Hanoi
	8. Solving Hanoi
	9. Tower of London
	10. WAIS blocks
	11. Shallice tower/blocks data
	12. Shallice & Evans (1978) estimation task
	13. Smith & Milner (1984) estimation data
	14. Knight ERP P300 to novel-unexpected sounds
	15. Knight ERP data summary
	16. Knight ERP habituation

Disorders of Memory I - STM impairment	1. Luria - sensory/motor brain
	2. Fuster spikes
	3. Fuster data
	4. Modal Memory Model - Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968)
	5. Digit span test - STM capacity
	6. Brown-Peterson paradigm - STM duration
	7. Patient PV's STM duration
	8. Vallar & Baddeley (1984) Phonological Similarity Effect
	9. Serial Position Curve (Normals)
	10. STM patients vs. Amnesics

Disorders of Memory II - STM cont'd	1. Effect of rate of presentation on digit span (LS)
	2. Effect of rate of presentation on digit span (KF)
	3. Craik & Watkins (1973) g-word study
	4. Craik data
	5. Shallice & Warrington (1970) revised memory model
	6. Baddeley & Hitch (1974) dual-task study
	7. Baddeley working memory model
	8. Shallice & Butterworth (1977) pt. JB's pauses
	9. Vallar & Baddeley (1984) sentences
	10. Vallar & Baddeley data
	11. Saffran & Marin (1975) pt. IL paraphrases

Disorders of Memory III - LTM	1. Baddeley et al (1988) pt. PV (STM) meaningful paired associate learning
	2. Baddeley et al (1988) pt. PV (STM) meaningless p-a learning
	3. Brain structures implicated in amnesia
	4. HM's brain
	5. Korsakoff's (vs. Normals, Alocoholic Controls) paired assoc learning
	6. Amnesics: normal STM
	7. Amnesics: recency but reduced primacy
	8. Korsakoff quote

Disorders of Memory IV - LTM cont'd	1. Meudell et al. (1980) story recall -- episodic vs. semantic
	2. Brooks & Baddeley (1976) -- amnesics procedural learning
	3. Cohen & Squire (1980) -- amnesics mirror reading
	4. Cohen (1984) -- amnesics Tower of Hanoi
	5. Verbal priming
	6. Warrington & Weiskrantz (1970) -- degraded words
	7. Hippocampus & cortex
	8. Albert et al. (1979) -- Korsakoff's retrograde amnesia
	9. Butters & Cermak (1986) -- Patient PZ's retrograde amnesia
	10. Sanders & Warrington (1971) vs. Albert et al.
	11. Schematic of episodic/semantic old/new hypothesis
	12. Cermak & O'Connor (1983) pt. SS

Disorders of Memory V - Episodic/Semantic Memory	1. Vargha-Khadem et al. (1997) -- Beth, Jon, & Kate
	2. Rey complex figure
	3. Neuropsych scores
	4. Murray (2000) -- animal model
	5. Graham et al. (2000) -- semantic dementia
	6. Snowden et al. (1996) -- semantic dem. autobiographical events
	7. Retrograde pattern in amnesia and semantic dementia
	8. Westmacott et al. (2001) pt.s KC & EL
	9. Tulving/Graham Semantic/Episodic models
	10. Oh no! Not Norman and Shallice again...

Disorders of Memory VI - Frontal 'amnesia'	1. Janowsky et al. (1989)
	2. Shimamura et al. (1990)
	3. Milner et al. (1985)
	4. Janowsky et al. (1989) -- source memory
	5. Janowsky et al. (1989) -- metamemory (feeling of knowing)
	6. McDowd & Filion (1992) -- SCOR
	7. Wiggs (1993)
	8. Craik et al. (1990)

Disorders of Memory VII - Semantic Memory	1. Pt.s AB and EM word definition data
	2. Warrington (1975) visual/verbal
	3. Pt. EM category/attribute
	4. Unitary vs. modality-specific semantic systems
	5. English? Made of metal?
	6. Modality-specific aphasia
	7. Unitary model?
	8. Multiple semantics?
	9. Riddoch’s explanation

Disorders of Memory VIII – Category Specific Deficits	1. Collins & Quillian (1969) hierarchical model
	2. Collins & Loftus(1975) associative network model
	3. JBR & SBY – picture identification
	4. JBR & SBY – word definition
	5. JBR – mime actions
	6. JBR – picture-word matching
	7. Category-specific deficit summary
	8. VER picture-word match
	9. JBR all categories
	10. Multiple-semantics model
	11. LA perceptual/functional definitions
	12. Farah & McClellend (1991) results
	13. Martin fMRI
	14. More fMRI…