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Double cropping fuels Brazil

New research finds that double cropping — planting two crops in a field in the same year — is associated with positive signs of economic development for rural Brazilians. The research focused the state of Mato Grosso, the epicenter of an agricultural revolution that has made Brazil one of the world’s top producers of soybeans, corn, cotton, and other staple crops. That Brazil has become an agricultural powerhouse over the last decade or so is clear.

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Six selected for Mellon Mays

The Dean of the College office is pleased to announce the 21st cohort of Brown Mellon Mays Undergraduate scholars. Edward Cleofe, Patricia Ekpo, G. Maris Jones, G. Emilio Leanza, Keil Oberlander, and Ana Ramirez will conduct research under the guidance of faculty mentors, and receive stipends during their junior and senior years to support their research and preparation for graduate school.

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21% of U.S. elderly take high-risk medicines
Perilous pills:

A study of more than 6 million seniors in Medicare Advantage plans in 2009 found that 21 percent received a prescription for at least one potentially harmful “high-risk medication.” Nearly 5 percent received at least two. Questionable prescriptions are more common in the South and among people who live in poor areas.

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New Royce Fellows

A select cohort of undergraduates was inducted into the Society of Royce Fellows at Brown University President Christina H. Paxson's home on April 10, 2013. These research fellowships, given through the generosity of Charles (Chuck) Royce ’61, P’92, P’94, P’08, enable students to carry out independent research projects of their own design, regularly engage with their peers, and share their new-found knowledge with the wider world.

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How some leaves got fat: It’s the veins
Ring of veins:

A garden variety leaf is a broad, flat structure, but if the garden happens to be somewhere arid, it probably includes succulent plants with plump leaves full of precious water. Fat leaves did not emerge in the plant world easily. A new Brown University study published in Current Biology reports that to sustain efficient photosynthesis, they required a fundamental remodeling of leaf vein structure: the addition of a third dimension

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Carbon’s role in atmosphere formation
Greenhouse effect on the Red Planet?:

A new study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that the way carbon moves from within a planet to the surface plays a big role in the evolution of a planet's atmosphere. If Mars released much of its carbon as methane, for example, it might have been warm enough to support liquid water.

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Sandstede named SIAM fellow

Björn Sandstede, professor and chair of applied mathematics, has been named a fellow of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. He was recognized for “contributions to applied dynamical systems involving the computational and analytical study of pattern formation in physical and biological systems.” He joins 32 other mathematicians in this year’s class of fellows. Sandstede has been at Brown since 2008, and serves as associate director of ICERM, Brown’s NSF-funded math institute.

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Brown launches TRI-Lab community initiative

Brown University announced the launch of a new initiative that will bring together students, faculty and community organizations to tackle pressing social issues. TRI-Lab — Teaching, Research and Impact — will be piloted beginning in the fall of the 2013-14 academic year with a focus on healthy early childhood development. The inaugural lab will be co-chaired by Stephen Buka, professor and chair of the Department of Epidemiology, and Elizabeth Burke Bryant, executive director of Rhode Island KIDS COUNT.

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Invasive crabs help Cape Cod marshes
Conquering hero:

Ecologists are wary of non-native species, but along the shores of Cape Cod where grass-eating crabs have been running amok and destroying the marsh, an invasion of a predatory green crabs has helped turn back the tide in favor of the grass. The counter-intuitive conclusions appear in a new paper in the journal Ecology.

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Pre-existing mineralogy may survive lunar impacts
Survivor:

Large impacts on the Moon can form wide craters and turn surface rock liquid. Geophysicists once assumed that liquid rock would be homogenous when it cooled. Now researchers have found evidence that pre-existing mineralogy can survive impact melt. 

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Brown to launch community impact initiative

Brown will celebrate the launch of TRI-Lab: Teaching, Research, and Impact, a new initiative that will bring together students, faculty and community organizations to tackle pressing social issues. The launch is scheduled for 10:30 a.m. Wednesday, April 3, 2013, at the Perry and Marty Granoff Center for the Creative Arts, 154 Angell St. Lt. Gov. Elizabeth Roberts, Brown President Christina Paxson, and others will make brief remarks. 

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Herlihy wins IEEE’s McDowell Award

Maurice Herlihy, professor of computer science, is the 2013 recipient of the IEEE Computer Society’s prestigious W. Wallace McDowell Award. He was recognized by the society for “fundamental contributions to the theory and practice of multiprocessor computation.” Among other accomplishments, Herlihy helped to develop transactional memory, a technique that helps computers with multiple processors coordinate shared data revisions in real time.

 

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Mandre funded for bipedalism studies

Shreyas Mandre, assistant professor of engineering, is part of an international research team awarded a Young Investigator Grant by the Human Frontier Science Program. The team will receive $350,000 in each of three years to study the fundamental mechanics of the human foot.

 

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Brown, hospitals strike IP agreements
Katherine Gordon:

Brown University’s Technology Ventures Office will help manage and market select biomedical discoveries and inventions generated by researchers in the Lifespan heath care system. Brown has also expanded its IP management and commercialization services to all of the hospitals within Care New England Health System. The two agreements create a single place to find life science innovations from Brown and its affiliated hospital groups.

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