Encounters between indigenous communities and foreigners in the ancient West Mediterranean can take a variety of different forms and meanings, but perhaps the most interesting way to examine these interactions is in the context of identity. This paper will look at case studies of local communities in Lattara and Peña Negra, presenting examples of cultural mixing seen in domestic architecture, pottery styles, and burials. The analysis of these finds will then broaden into a discussion of identity, looking at methods of cultural mixing seen in material
culture in order to achieve a broader understanding of the indigenous identities at work in these locations. Based on the available evidence, I will argue that the identity of the indigenous community at Lattara was much more defined by a sense of contrast with foreign cultures and ‘otherness,’ while the people of Peña Negra, who fused their material culture with that of nonindigenous people, likely had a more inclusive sense of identity that did not emphasize the distinction between ‘indigenous’ and ‘foreign.’