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Fragmented
elephant-headed capital with egg and tonque design as well as bead
and reel design. From Trench 5, 1995. |
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A Tyche
head found in spolia. |
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A bone
pin from Lower Temnos Trench 16, Locus 21, with a conical round head.
10.3 cm in length, 1995. |
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Detail
of the upper order of a capital with a profusion of vines fruits and
flowers, 1996. |
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An
ungentarium from Trench 20, Locus 21, 1995. |
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An
intricately carved pine cone - decorative sculptural element placed
between the upper boss a order of capitals. |
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Fragments
of two orders of the Great Temple, reerrected. The lower two-part
order is of acanthus leaves and the upper four-part order is carved
with fruits and vines.. |
At
the temple we have found a large assortment of artifacts, from pottery
to coins, to bone pins. In 1996, five fragments of a Latin inscription
were found. The inscription has been studied by Stephen V. Tracy, of Ohio
State University, and he has determined that the inscription is from the
time of the Roman Emperor Trajan, more specifically between 112 and 114
CE.
Relief Sculpture
(continuing with finds from the excavation).
We were fortunate
to find the East Colonnade Inter-columnar wall and the aforementioned
oblique wall to contain extraordinary architectural pilasters in relief
from the Temple. These panel elements probably fell from the Temple façade
and were found built into the Lower Temenos inter-columnar walls, serving
as recycled building components
by the precinct’s
later builders. There relief-sculpted torsos were recovered lying upside
down in a gray mortar deposit that extended throughout the trench. Between
the stylobates was the relief sculpture of a female measuring 0.52-m in
height, 0.84 m in width and 0.38 m in thickness wearing a chiton and holding
a cornucopia in her left hand. The hair in ringlets falling over her shoulder
is apparently in vogue in Petra — the same iconographic scheme is evidenced
by very similar styles and comparable ringlets found on two of the masks
found in the Temple West Walkway in 1994.
In Special Project
54 of the Lower Temenos, in the central line of columns in the triple
East Colonnade was found the torso of a woman. Bordered by a partial
cyma reversa and carved in the "wet drapery" style lying upside down as
part of the Inter-columnar wall, she was recovered next to the fifth column
from the north.
Measuring 0.53 m in
width-by-0.38 m in height, this Amazon or
Aphrodite-like figure has her left battered breast exposed; she wears
a chiton with a braided border with delicately fashioned button fastenings
extending down her right arm. Built into the southeast oblique Inter-columnar
rubble wall was the sculpted
panel of yet a figure
in low relief with its right bust exposed and with a chiton over
the left shoulder. Including the cyma reversa this figure measures 0.50
m in height, 0.85 m in width. Most of the pilaster figures were headless
— we reason that the heads were not destroyed by the iconoclasts, but
rather these torsos were fitted with separately sculpted
heads, perhaps sculpted by a special school of sculptors that were put
in place as the finishing touch to the block. Additionally installed as
part of the south Inter-columnar wall and built into its west face was
an exquisite low relief with an ornamental wreath embellished with a ribbon
tied around its top, measuring in length 0.82 m, in width 0.52 m and 0.24
m in thickness. Joseph J. Basile will discuss the details of these
panels in detail.
Here are some other
photographs of some of our finds.
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An
inscription found in the temple |
A collection
of lamps found in the Petra Great Temple, 1995. |
A partially
restored Nabataean plate. |
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