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Health and Medicine

Bringing evidence to health screening debates

At a talk and panel discussion in Boston the morning of Feb. 19, Brown University biostatistician Constantine Gatsonis discussed how big trials help us make sense of our many questions about cancer screening.
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Health and Medicine

Hogan to succeed Gatsonis as biostatistics chair

Constantine Gatsonis is the founding chair of Brown’s biostatistics department, but on July 1 he’ll step down and Joseph Hogan will take the helm.
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Health and Medicine

Biomedical research hub makes first pilot awards

Advance Clinical and Translational Research (Advance-CTR), a statewide partnership established last year to support collaborative medical studies that build on basic research, has awarded its first two Pilot Project grants.
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Health and Medicine

Researchers propose a new way to assess medication-based HIV prevention

Delivering on the promise of preventing HIV infections with antiretroviral medicines, or pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), requires thinking about PrEP as a nine-step continuum of preventive care, Brown researchers write in the journal AIDS.
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Health and Medicine

Sickle cell trait may confound blood sugar readings among African-Americans

A routine diabetes test produces lower blood sugar readings in African-Americans with sickle cell trait than in those without, potentially leading patients to remain untreated or with a mistaken sense of blood sugar control, study finds.
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Health and Medicine

With mini-vessels, mini-brains expand research potential

A new study shows that Brown University’s mini-brains produce networks of capillaries, an important anatomical feature for lab studies of stroke and other circulation-related brain diseases.
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Health and Medicine

Practice makes perfect, and ‘overlearning’ locks it in

People who continued to train on a visual task for 20 minutes past the point of mastery locked in that learning, shielding it from interference by new learning, a new study in Nature Neuroscience shows.
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Health and Medicine

Grant advances work to improve hip fracture care

A new grant, co-led by Dr. Richard W. Besdine, will promote adoption of a care model in which geriatricians and other physicians co-manage care for older patients with hip fractures.
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Health and Medicine

Whether our speech is fast or slow, we say about the same

Fast talkers tend to convey less information with each word and syntactic structure than slower-paced speakers, meaning that no matter our pace, we all say just about as much in a given time, a new study finds.
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Health and Medicine

Hospitals in Medicare ACOs reduced readmissions faster

The Accountable Care Organization model of paying for health care appears to help reduce hospital readmissions among Medicare patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities, a new study suggests.
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Health and Medicine

Medicaid expansion linked to better care quality at health centers

In the first year of Medicaid expansion, four out of eight quality indicators at federally funded health centers improved significantly in states that expanded Medicaid compared to non-expansion states, according to a new study.
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Health and Medicine

Famine alters metabolism for successive generations

A famine that afflicted China between 1959 and 1961 is associated with an increased hyperglycemia risk not only among people who were born then, but also among the children they had a generation later.
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Health and Medicine

Diet quality low but steadily improving among U.S. kids

An analysis of diet quality among more than 38,000 U.S. children shows that nutrition for the nation’s kids has been getting steadily better in recent years, but what they eat is still far from ideal and disparities persist by income, race and receipt of government food assistance.
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Health and Medicine

Opioids, NSAIDs no different overall for persistent pain after crashes

A new study finds that on average, the risk of chronic pain after a car accident was no greater among people given NSAIDs than among people given opioids, but those with opioids were more likely to remain on medication longer.
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Health and Medicine

Treating cholera in Haiti after Hurricane Matthew

In a pair of tents on the grounds of a health center in a tiny town, Dr. Adam Levine is managing a cholera treatment unit where the staff still sees 10 to 15 new cases a day, more than a month after Hurricane Matthew.
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Health and Medicine

Brown awarded CDC contract to battle health care-related infections

Starting with a new three-year, $2.7 million award to help implement antimicrobial stewardship in nursing homes, a University-led team will perform research and implementation projects for the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention aimed at reducing infections.
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Health and Medicine

Medical professors question ‘residency placement fever’

In Academic Medicine, two Alpert Medical School professors have examined new data suggesting that the number of student applications for residency programs has gotten out of hand, creating a problem that needs to be solved.
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Health and Medicine

Chinese medical education rising unevenly from Cultural Revolution rubble

A new research review chronicling the history and current state of medical education in China finds that the country’s quest to build up a medical education system to serve its massive population has produced a rapid, if uneven, result.
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Health and Medicine

Grant funds big-data study of brain connectivity

With more than $1.2 million over three years to study how complex brain networks process information, Brown has earned its second grant this fall from the federal BRAIN Initiative and shares significantly in a third.
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Health and Medicine

Infants use prefrontal cortex in learning

A group of 8-month-olds has provided evidence that, contrary to conventional wisdom, the prefrontal cortex contributes to learning during infancy.
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Health and Medicine

Formaldehyde damages proteins, not just DNA

Formaldehyde, a common toxicant and carcinogen recently subjected to new federal regulations, may be more dangerous than previously thought, a new study suggests.
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Health and Medicine

New NIH grants support child health research

Several Brown University faculty members are key participants in three projects investigating how early life and environmental exposures affect children.
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Health and Medicine

$2M grant to study simultaneous marijuana, alcohol use

Next year at colleges in three states with different marijuana use laws, a team of public health researchers will study why students often use marijuana and alcohol simultaneously.
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Health and Medicine

Nursing home residents who get palliative care consults use hospitals less

The first study of how specialist palliative care consults affect nursing home end-of-life care suggests that they are associated with much less hospitalization and fewer burdensome transitions, at no extra cost to Medicare.
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Health and Medicine

Protein may be crucial in many lung ailments

New research in Nature Communications implicates the protein TMEM219 in a pathway that appears to be important in pulmonary fibrosis, asthma and cancer spread in the lung.
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