This project undertakes a large-scale payment for forest restoration experiment. Based on initial social surveys with 3,000 farms, the project will assign each of these farms to one of approximately six experimental payment/forest restoration treatments (or control group). The project then follows these farms using social surveys and remotely sensed data (satellite optical remote sensing data and airborne Lidar data), and examines the determinants of willingness to accept payments for reforestation, and the success of reforestation by type of reforestation and payment program.